Think Again: The Power of knowing what you don’t know free PDF | Download

Grant argues that rethinking is not only a skill, but also a mindset that can help us achieve excellence at work and wisdom in life. He draws on insights from psychology, behavioral economics, and neuroscience, as well as stories from his own experiences and conversations with people such as Elon Musk, Malala Yousafzai, Barack Obama, and Oprah Winfrey, to show how we can become more flexible, humble, and curious thinkers.

Grant identifies three common modes of thinking that can hinder our ability to rethink: the preacher, the prosecutor, and the politician. The preacher mode is when we try to defend our beliefs and persuade others to adopt them. The prosecutor mode is when we try to prove others wrong and win arguments. The politician mode is when we try to gain approval and support from our audience. Grant suggests that we should shift from these modes to the scientist mode, where we treat our beliefs as hypotheses to be tested, seek evidence that challenges our views, and update our opinions based on new data.

Grant also offers practical advice on how to help others think again, such as how to ask better questions, how to listen more effectively, how to frame feedback as advice, and how to create a culture of learning and experimentation. He warns us of the pitfalls of overconfidence, confirmation bias, groupthink, and motivated reasoning, and shows us how to overcome them with strategies such as mental time travel, perspective taking, and counterfactual thinking.

Think Again is a book that will make you think hard about how you think, and inspire you to think again about what you don’t know. It is a book that will challenge you to embrace the joy of being wrong, the power of doubt, and the value of uncertainty. It is a book that will teach you how to think like a scientist, and live like a learner.